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Ngix安装

Catalogue
  1. Ngix安装(Linux)
    1. 安装与启动
    2. 配置
    3. 踩坑解决问题

Ngix安装(Linux)

官方下载地址

安装与启动

  1. gcc环境 yum install gcc-c++
  2. 第三方的开发包
    • PCRE yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
    • zlib yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
    • openssl yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
  3. 安装
    • 解压 [root@localhost ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
    • 进入解压后文件夹复制执行以下命令
      ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi --with-pcre
    • [root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# make
    • [root@localhost nginx-1.8.0]# make install
    • [root@localhost sbin]# mkdir /var/tmp/nginx/client -p
    • 进入目录 cd /usr/local/nginx/
    • 启动 [root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx
  4. 配置文件目录
    nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  5. 重新加载配置文件 避免重启
    sbin/nginx -s reload

配置

  • 配置虚拟主机与反向代理

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    worker_processes  1;

    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }

    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;

        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;

        #keepalive_timeout  0;
        keepalive_timeout  65;

        #gzip  on;

        upstream resume{
    	server 123.207.121.135:8080;
        }

        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;

            location / {
                proxy_pass   http://resume;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }

            #error_page  404              /404.html;

            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }

        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  www.img.exrick.cn;

            #charset koi8-r;

            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

            location / {
                root   html81;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }

            #error_page  404              /404.html;

            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }

        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  www.xmall.exrick.cn;

            #charset koi8-r;

            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }

            #error_page  404              /404.html;

            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }
    }

  • 负载均衡（直接添加server即可）

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    ...
    http {
        ...
        upstream resume{
            server 123.207.121.135:8080;
            server 123.207.121.135:8081;
        } 
        ...
    }

    权重调节（weight）

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    ...
    http {
        ...
        upstream resume{
            server 123.207.121.135:8080;
            server 123.207.121.135:8081 weight=2;
        } 
        ...
    }

  • 压缩文件

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    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_comp_level 9;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript application/javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png eventsource script png;

  • 解决代理IP地址

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    server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  xmall.exrick.cn;

            location / {
                proxy_pass   http://xmall;
                index  index.html index.htm;
    	        proxy_set_header Host $host;
    	        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    	        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            }

            error_page  404              /50x.html;

            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }

        }

    踩坑解决问题

  • [emerg]: getpwnam(“nginx”) failed

    • 解决方法1：
      在nginx.conf中 把user nobody的注释去掉既可
    • 解决方法2：
      错误的原因是没有创建nginx这个用户，应该在服务器系统中添加nginx用户组和用户nginx，如下命令：
      /usr/sbin/groupadd -f nginx
      /usr/sbin/useradd -g nginx nginx
  • [emerg] mkdir() “/var/temp/nginx/client” failed (2: No such file or directory)
    root下手动创建即可：mkdir -p /var/temp/nginx/client
  • 重启服务器后启动提示/var/run/nginx找不到
    1
    nginx: [error] open() "/var/run/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)
    进入/var/run新建nginx文件夹：mkdir nginx